Pediatrics

How the microbiota shapes the development of the immune system

A. Macpherson et al. reviewed studies that looked at the interaction between the gut microbiota and their mammalian hosts, from fetal development to the early postnatal period.

Breastfeeding may reduce the number of harmful viruses in the infant gut

A new study shows that breast milk can be protective against viral infections by reducing the accumulation of potentially harmful human viruses.

Fewer antibiotics linked to reduced childhood asthma

A new study (The Lancet Respiratory Medicine) suggests that the decrease in the incidence of childhood asthma is a consequence of reduced antibiotic use.

Mother’s gut microbes may affect the risk of obesity and diabetes in offspring

A study published in Science suggests that a mother's gut microbes shape the metabolism of offspring, conferring resistance to obesity.

Taking vitamin D and omega-3 during pregnancy could change the infant airway microbiota

A study suggests that the effects of dietary interventions during pregnancy are mediated by different factors, including the infant airway microbiota.

Changes in the oral microbiome might reveal caries development in children

Researchers have identified oral bacterial species that are elevated in children before they develop dental caries.

Mother’s gut microbes protect newborns from infection

A study in mice shows that part of maternal milk’s protective effects comes from the bacteria that reside in the mother’s gut.

Increased growth of gut bacteria is associated with life-threatening disease in preemies

Gut bacteria could be responsible for a life-threatening disease called necrotizing enterocolitis, which occurs mainly in premature babies.

Early-life airway microbiota could predispose to childhood asthma

The composition of the airway microbiota in early life could predispose to the development of asthma later in childhood, according to a new study.

Early-life exposure to gut microbes could have long-term effects on immune cells

Early-life exposure to defined microbial communities triggers the development of specific immune cells and influences the abundance of these cells in the skin.

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